Acne-dendruf ® shampoo

What Is Acne?
Acne is a skin condition that occurs due to the overproduction of oil by the oil glands of the skin. The oil that normally lubricates the skin gets trapped in blocked oil ducts and results in what we know as pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads on the surface of skin. Sometimes it also includes deeper skin lesions that are called cysts.
Pimples are small skin swellings that sometimes contain pus.
Blackheads are dark formations on the skin due to an accumulated mixture of oil and cells in a blocked skin pore.
Whiteheads are small flesh-or white-colored bumps due to skin pore blockage.
Cysts are closed sacs beneath the skin or deeper that contain fluid or semisolid substances.

The areas of the skin that are most susceptible to acne are those areas that contain the largest number of oil glands. For example, it is estimated that there are 2,000 oil glands per square inch on the forehead alone. The face, chest, shoulders, and back are the areas with the highest population of oil glands.
Acne commonly occurs in people between their teenage years and their 20s. However, it is not restricted to this age. Older adults and children can also have acne.

What Causes Acne?
There are four major factors responsible for causing acne. They act together to cause the characteristic pimples, whiteheads and blackheads associated with acne. They are:

Overactive Oil Glands
Oil glands are located deep in the skin. They are also known as sebaceous glands.
Each oil gland is connected to a tiny canal that contains a hair. The canal with its contained hair is called a follicle.
The glands produce oil (also known as sebum) that flows to the surface of the skin through these canals to lubricate the hair follicles and the surrounding skin.
The opening of the canal with the attached hair (follicle) onto the skin is the skin pore.

The oil glands vary in size, and the larger ones are associated with visible skin pores.
The oil glands are stimulated to produce oil by hormones, specifically the male hormones called androgens (women also have these hormones, but much less of them). These hormones are produced by the testes in men and by the ovaries in women. In both sexes, androgens are also produced by the adrenal glands.

During times of stress, the adrenal glands produce increased levels of these hormones, causing even greater enlargement of the oil glands.
During puberty, the oil glands become overactive in response to hormonal changes.

Blockage Of The Skin Pores

Oily skin occurs when an overactive oil gland enlarges and overproduces oil. Acne develops when some of the pores (through which oil normally flows from the oil gland to reach the skin surface) become blocked, resulting in trapping of oil within the skin pores.
The pores are blocked by skin cells that have been shed from the lining of the skin pore and have bunched together. The cause for this clogging is not known, but it is not due to poor hygiene. A blackhead or whitehead will develop from this skin pore blockage

Activity Of Normal Skin Bacteria
Although acne is not caused by a bacterial infection, bacteria do play a role in making the situation worse. The bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), is a normal part of the skin surface. It keeps the skin from being invaded by harmful bacteria.
When oil is trapped in the hair follicles, the normal skin bacteria P. acnes will grow in the blocked pore. The bacteria produce chemicals that alter the composition of the oil, which makes it more irritating to the skin and causes inflammation.
Inflamed skin is characterized by redness, swelling, warmth and discomfort. Inflammation of the skin occurs because the body's immune system is acting to rid itself of a foreign substance. In the case of acne, this substance is either bacteria or the irritating compounds they have produced.

These four factors contribute to blocked skin pores, which bulge outward to form:

Blackheads. These form when the pores are clogged close to the surface of the skin. Because they are exposed to the skin surface, blackheads don't usually become inflamed. Blackheads are dark due to the presence of a dark pigment. This color is not the result of dirt in the pores.

Whiteheads. These develop from a blockage deeper in a pore. Lacking a drainage path, the oil accumulates in the skin, causing small flesh-colored or white-colored bumps. Unlike blackheads, whiteheads are more likely to lead to the red inflammations known as pimples or zits.

Pustules (also known as pimples or zits) occur when the walls of the blocked follicle ruptures. Oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria normally found on the skin surface get into the skin and irritate it, forming small areas of inflammation.

Cysts are larger, red, inflamed areas deep in the skin that indicate a more extensive infection.

Who Gets Acne?
Adolescents are the most commonly affected. Because of the high hormonal activity during puberty, acne affects many teenagers. Those individuals whose oil glands produce more oil tend to be affected by acne more often than those whose glands don't produce excess oil.
Heredity Can Play A Role
Statistics suggest that heredity is a strong contributing factor for acne. A family history of acne means that there probably is a genetic basis for the condition.

How Is Acne Treated?
Acne responds well to treatment, especially if treated early, at the onset of the condition.

Treatment is offered to:
Prevent possible scarring
Deal with inflamed and painful areas
Limit the formation of new blackheads and whiteheads
Lessen any stress or embarrassment associated with the acne

OUR line of Medication is Acne-dendruf Formula

ACNE-Dandruff® Formula forAcne-prone skin, or scalp dandruff busted formula, is recommended by highly distinguish dermatological centers around the world. It provides effective yet gentle cleansing for skin with acne, and eliminates loose dry scales of dead skin that are shed from the scalp (dandruff).

MAIN INGREDIENTS. Fortified with a unique blend of:

Neem Extract. To cure skin diseases such as boils, ulcers, eczema, and ring worm including acne and black heads affecting the face area.· Andrographis paniculata extract. An effective blood purifier, antibacterial, antiviral and works as antibiotic·

Curcuma longa extract. Possesses antioxidant, tonic, blood purifying, digestive and anti-inflammatory

SUGGESTED USE:

FOR Acne: Wash or cleanse face before use and than apply ACNE-Dandruff ® Formula On the affected area by using a small piece of cotton socked with the formula, Apply twice daily or once at night time, then wash it in the morning.FOR Dandruff: apply the lotion on the scalp and let it wet in night time, then it dray out. Next morning, rinse the hair with water and dry. Repeat every night until you feel improvement, then apply 2 times every week later on.CautionShack will before use.The product may stain cloth yellow because of the curcuma containing.Be careful when applied around eye area.

Pakage : 250 ML bottel

Price : only 5 USA dollars + shipping

Inside Malaysia, the price is 20 MR + Shipping

Prostate Enlargement (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)

About the prostate gland

The prostate lies below the bladder, the sac that stores the urine in the body,and surrounds part of the urethra, the 'tube' through which the urine passes from the bladder to the outside world.
The prostate is one of three glands necessary for reproduction. The fluid it produces provides about 15 percent of the total volume of the semen.
The exact function of the fluid produced by the prostate remains largely unknown, although it is believed to promote the survival of sperm cells by reducing the acidity within the vagina.

The prostate gland consists of about 50 small glandular lobes, which are drained by smaller branched tubes and ducts. The ducts empty into the part of the urethra that passes through the prostate gland.
The prostate gland is surrounded by a lining called the capsule

What Is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) stands for benign prostatic hyperplasia which means a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland.
"Benign" refers to the fact that the growth is noncancerous.
The term "prostatic" refers to the prostate gland.

"Hyperplasia" describes a condition in which the number of cells in an organ increases, leading to an overall increase in size of the prostate.

The prostate gland is an acorn-shaped gland located in a man's pelvic region. It lies below the bladder, the sac that stores the urine, in the body, and surrounds part of the urethra, the "tube" through which the urine passes from the bladder to the outside world.

An enlarged prostate gland is a common condition, affecting the lifestyles and, to some degree, the health of many men over the age of 60. It can play havoc on a man's ability to urinate with ease and, in some cases, can lead to serious medical complications.
However, the condition is not cancerous. And there are many methods to improve the flow of urine if it does become obstructed by an enlarging prostate.

Enlargement in the size of the prostate:
Is the result of an increase in the number of cells in the prostate gland
May occur at different locations within the prostate and give rise to different prostate shapes

How Common Is BPH?
The prostate gland normally increases in size as men age. This does not usually create a urinary flow problem for men under 40 years of age.
After age 40, however, the prevalence of BPH rises sharply.
The incidence of BPH is at least 50 percent for all men at the age of 50.
The incidence of BPH rises to at least 80 percent of all men in their eighth decade of life. However, only about 25 percent of men will actually be treated for BPH by the age of 80.
Only about 50 percent of men with an enlarged prostate gland have a condition in which there is some degree of obstruction of the bladder outlet.

What Causes The Prostate To Enlarge?
Growth in the size of the prostate gland is related to:
Normal Prostate Growth During Life
The first growth phase is completed before or at birth, when the average prostate weighs about 1.5 grams.
The second growth phase occurs early during puberty, when the weight of the prostate gland increases to around 11 grams.
The third growth phase occurs during the mid-20s, when the weight of the prostate gland increases to approximately 18 grams.
There is another apparent growth phase that begins when a man is in his 50s.
By the time a man is in his 70s, the prostate gland has reached a maximum weight of 31 grams.

Therefore, throughout a man's lifetime, the prostate gland normally increases in weight about 21 times, compared to its birth weight.
Although the prostate gland grows during much of a man's life, urinary flow problems usually appear only after the age of 50 as a consequence of the final growth phase.

Sex Hormone Changes That Occur With Aging

There is some evidence to suggest that this relative increase in circulating estrogen may strengthen the effect of the testosterone derivative DHT, which promotes cell growth in the prostate gland and is formed when testosterone is acted upon by a specific enzyme. As a consequence of estrogen and DHT acting together, cell growth and glandular enlargement are promoted.

What Are The Symptoms?
Although symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland may vary among individuals, the most common ones involve problems with passing urine.
A stream of urine that is hesitant before starting, weak in force, or intermittently interrupted while flowing can indicate an enlarged prostate gland. Dribbling, with one drop or less a second, may persist for 10 to 20 seconds or more at the end of urination.

There may be an urgency to urinate, or urine may leak at an inappropriate time. Some men feel as if their bladder, is not completely empty; other may feel a sudden, urgent need to urinate.
Increased number of urinations, which is especially apparent at night and cause two or more nightly trips to the bathroom. This symptom results in interrupted and inadequate sleep.

About 80 percent of the time, these symptoms are caused by BPH, but they can also be the result of other conditions, such as prostate cancer that should be carefully diagnosed by a urologist.
The size of the prostate gland does not always correlate with the degree of urinary obstruction. Smaller prostate glands may cause more obstruction to the flow of urine than much larger ones.

How Severe Are Your Symptoms?
With the use of the following "symptom index" developed by the American Urological Association (AUA), a distinction can be made between symptoms.
To take the test, record the most appropriate number in each row or line.
Add the sum of the seven numbers you recorded. The ratings are as follows:
Mild (0-7 points)
Moderate (8-19 points)
Severe (20-35 points).
This symptom index can be used during the initial diagnosis and as a record of improvement following treatment.

Blood Tests
Generally, the urologist will test your blood to assess kidney function and the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA).
PSA is a protein present in the normal prostate gland, as well as in enlarged prostates (BPH) or those in any stage of prostate cancer. A high PSA in the blood serves as a chemical marker for BPH as well as prostate cancer.
If your PSA is elevated, your urologist may recommend a transrectal ultrasound examination and a biopsy to distinguish between the two possibilities of prostate enlargement and prostate cancer

Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
After putting on a lubricated glove, the physician gently inserts a finger through the anus into the rectum and assesses the size and hardness of the prostate gland. This exam is done when prostate enlargement is suspected or as part of an annual physical examination.

Urinary Flow Rate Study
This technique, which is used to detect an obstruction of the urethra, and bladder neck, is widely used in the diagnosis of BPH. In the simplest form of this study, a recording is made of the flow rate during urination, into a special device.
However, while a urinary flow rate study can indicate an obstruction, it cannot provide a definitive diagnosis of BPH. Many other variables affect flow, including a weak bladder, contraction.

Intravenous Pyelography (IVP)
This test is performed only in cases complicated by a finding such as blood in the urine, Following intravenous injection of a dye, an x-ray of the urinary tract is made. Because the presence of the dye makes the urine visible on x-ray, the point of obstruction or narrowing of the urinary tract can be identified.

Cystoscopy
An instrument called a cystoscope is inserted through the urethral opening of the penis and visually guided through the urethra to the bladder. This test can be performed in the doctor's office, using a local anesthetic. During cystoscopy, an assessment is made of the size of the prostate gland, the degree of urinary tract obstruction, and its precise location.

What Are The Treatment Options?
The effectiveness of the various treatments for BPH is determined by:
1. How well the urine flow has improved
2. A reduction in the number of times or the need to pass urine

In general, the results from surgical treatments have been significantly better than those from medical treatments.
Your doctor can help you determine which treatment option is best for you.

Medical Treatments
Medical treatments for BPH include:
Watchful waiting. This simply involves careful monitoring, rather than active treatment. This method is elected by most people who have mild to moderate symptoms.

Because up to one-third of all mild cases clear up spontaneously, the strategy of watchful waiting is a prudent course for many individuals. Over 40 percent of men with mild to moderate symptoms have experienced improvement with this method of management.

Alpha blocker. DOXAZOSIN – Cardura, ORAL 1 mg given once daily in the a.m. or p.m.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

DOXAZOSIN – Cardura, ORAL, 1-8 mg once daily. The initial dosage of CARDURA is 1 mg, given once daily in the a.m. or p.m. Depending on the individual patient's urodynamics and BPH symptomatology, dosage may then be increased to 2 mg and thereafter to 4 mg and 8 mg once daily, the maximum recommended dose for BPH. The recommended titration interval is 1-2 weeks. Blood pressure should be evaluated routinely in these patients.
These are drugs that can inhibit the contraction of the smooth muscle of the prostate gland, and bladder neck, and, in this way, improve the urinary flow rate. About 75 percent of individuals who choose alpha blocker therapy have experienced an improvement in the symptoms of BPH, particularly relief from the symptoms of urinary frequency and urgency

Finasteride (Proscar®), 5 mg tab / once daily.

This drug inhibits production of DHT, the hormone that is thought to cause prostate enlargement, by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha reductase. As a result of this, the prostate gland shrinks in size, alleviating the symptoms of BPH.
It can take six months to experience the full effects of this drug. About two-thirds of individuals who choose finasteride therapy will experience an improvement in the symptoms of BPH. On average, the size of their prostates shrunk about 30 percent.
Sometimes, finasteride is used in conjunction with an alpha blocker.

Herbal treatment for enlarged Prostate.

A great combination for prostate issues with:

Gotu kola, or Pagaga eat raw or as juice
Lycopene, Tomato Paste any time with any food
Pumpkin seeds freely use
Pygeum
Saw palmetto
Stinging nettle tablets or cap
Wild yam root juice 2 tab /day
Zinc tab 25 mg /day

Diabetes Mellitus, HERBAL Formula DIABONIL®

What Is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a problem with the body's fuel system. It is caused by lack of insulin, a hormone made in the pancreas (an organ that secretes enzymes needed for digestion) that is essential for getting energy from food. There are two kinds of diabetes:
· In type 1 diabetes, which usually starts in children but can also start in adults, the body stops making insulin completely.
· In type 2 diabetes, also called adult-onset diabetes, the body still makes some insulin, but cannot use it properly.

Most adults with diabetes have type 2; in fact, type 2 diabetes accounts for 90 percent of all diabetes cases. In recent years, however, more and more adolescents, and even some children, have developed type 2 diabetes because of increasing amounts of obesity in our country.

How Insulin Works
Food is digested in the stomach and intestines, and carbohydrates are broken down into sugar molecules, or glucose, Glucose is then absorbed into the bloodstream, and blood glucose levels rise. This rise in blood sugar normally signals special cells in the pancreas, called beta cells, to release the right amount of insulin.

Insulin allows glucose and other nutrients (such as amino acids, from proteins) to enter muscle cells. There, they can be stored for later or burned for energy.
When the body has a problem making insulin or the muscle cells do not respond to insulin in the right way, diabetes results

What Are The Symptoms?
Diabetes in adults may start slowly. In fact, millions of people don't even know they have it before it is diagnosed by measuring blood glucose. Others may just feel very tired at first, then later may have these symptoms:
· Urinating more than usual, as the body tries to get rid of the extra sugar in the blood
· Feeling unusually thirsty, because the body needs to replace the lost fluid
· Nausea
· Blurred vision
· Losing weight even though eating more than usual
· Frequent infections
· Skin sores that won't heal

It's important to remember that diabetes symptoms may not be the same for everyone:
· The symptoms of type 2 diabetes may come on gradually.
· Some people may have no symptoms at all.
· Many people have type 2 diabetes and don't know it.

Untreated diabetes can cause serious health problems, such as blindness, heart and blood vessel damage, and permanent nerve damage. Seeing your doctor regularly for checkups and a discussion of your risk for diabetes is key to staying healthy.

Who Gets Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes - the type that mostly affects adults - affects all types of people. However, there are factors that can put you at higher risk for developing the condition:
· Being overweight (body mass index of 25+)
· Carrying fat around the waist and stomach
· Being sedentary
· Being more than 45 years old (being over 65 increases risk even further)
· Having a family history of type 2 diabetes
· Having had gestational diabetes (a mild glucose abnormality first noted in pregnancy which can cause difficulties with delivery and in the newborn after birth) or having a baby that weighed 9 lbs or more
· Being of African-American, Latino, Asian-American, or Native American descent
· Having a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level (less than 35)
· Having a high triglyceride level (250 or above)
· Having high blood pressure (140/90 mm/Hg or higher)

Type 2 diabetes used to be quite rare before middle age, but now affects more and more young people who are overweight. Being overweight, even as a child or teenager, is a significant risk factor for developing diabetes as an adult.
About Impaired Glucose Tolerance

A condition called impaired glucose tolerancem, a state between "normal" and "diabetes," could indicate that a person may get diabetes later. Impaired glucose tolerance also may put people at higher risk for heart disease and stroke.

Impaired glucose tolerance shows up on tests as a slightly elevated blood sugar level that is not high enough to be called diabetes. A doctor checks for this condition using an oral glucose tolerance test.

It is estimated that 20 million people in the U.S. have impaired glucose tolerance, including many children. Finding out about impaired glucose tolerance early might allow a person to make healthy lifestyle changes that will help them avoid getting diabetes or having other health problems later in life.
Another situation that puts a person at increased risk for getting diabetes later and for heart disease and stroke is impaired fasting glucose. In this condition, the fasting glucose level is higher than normal but less than necessary to diagnose diabetes.

How Is Diabetes Diagnosed?
Diabetes is often diagnosed by measuring fasting glucose levels. If that value is lower than the value necessary to diagnose diabetes but your doctor suspects you still may have diabetes, an oral glucose tolerance test may be done. This is a special test that shows how well the body uses glucose.
Talk to your doctor about how often you should be tested. How frequently you are tested for diabetes depends on your age and risk factors for the condition.
· If you are 45 years old or older, you need to get tested for diabetes, even if you do not have any risk factors.
· If you are younger than 45 and have one or more risk factors, you should also get tested.
· After the age of 45, people should be tested for diabetes every three years.

How Is Diabetes Treated?
Diabetes can't be cured, but it can be controlled. The treatment varies according to how much insulin the body makes, and how well the body is able to use available insulin.
· Many people with type 2 diabetes can control their diabetes at first by losing weight, eating a healthy diet, and exercising regularly.
· Others also need pills that help boost their natural insulin, or help the body use insulin more efficiently.
· Many adults with type 2 diabetes eventually need insulin shots.
· People with type 1 diabetes always need insulin shots.

Treatment for diabetes helps keep blood sugar levels steady and alleviates symptoms. Controlling blood sugar will also help reduce the risk of complications, such as problems with the kidneys, eyes, heart, skin, mouth and feet.

Who Treats Diabetes?
Treating diabetes is a team effort. Your diabetes team may include:
· A doctor. This may be a regular doctor or a diabetes specialist (an endocrinologist)
· A diabetes educator, who may also be a registered nurse
· A dietitian, who can help with planning meals and snacks, and can answer questions about food
People with diabetes need to have regular check-ups from a dentist and an eye doctor, and may need help from a podiatrist (foot specialist). People with diabetes may also need expert help getting started on an exercise program.

The diabetes team can help you:
· Eat in a way that keeps blood sugar as steady as possible
· Lose weight if necessary
· Test your blood sugar correctly
· Learn to take insulin shots
· Start a fitness program
· Watch for and treat symptoms of low blood sugar, which may be a medication side effect
· Watch out for early signs of complications such as problems with eyes, feet, skin and kidneys

Can Diabetes Be Controlled?
In the early stages, you may be able to control your diabetes without medication, by looking after yourself carefully. But if you are taking medication, taking care of yourself is just as important. It will help the medication work much better.
Things you can do to control your diabetes include:
Control your weight. For many people with diabetes, reducing weight is the single most important thing they can do.
· Don't try quick weight loss diets. They won't work for long, and can be dangerous.
· Do follow your diabetes team's advice, and lose weight slowly and steadily.
· Don't get discouraged. Losing as little as 10 to 15 pounds may make a big difference in how you feel and how well your diabetes is controlled.
Eat on time, and eat well. Keep track of what you eat, when you eat, and how much you eat. Small, regular meals work best for most people who have diabetes.

Exercise three to four times a week. Exercise does three good things.
· It helps control weight
· It helps the cells use blood sugar
· It helps prevent heart disease

Medication For Diabetes
There are now several medications available to treat diabetes. Most are taken in pill form. Different diabetes pills do different things:
· Help the pancreas make more insulin
· Help the body's cells use insulin more efficiently
· Work with both the pancreas and the cells to control blood sugar levels
· Slows down the digestion of carbohydrates in the food we eat causing the rise of glucose, in the blood following a meal to be less.
In order to help your diabetes medication work well, remember these points:
· You may start off with one type of medication and change or add others later.
· Keep taking your medication as directed by your doctor even if you feel better.
· Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you experience side effects or a change in your condition.

Side Effects
Diabetes medications may cause side effects, including
· Stomach upset
· Gas
· Bloating
· Diarrhea
· Metallic tast
· Less appetite

These side effects usually go away on their own in a week or two. If they don't go away, tell your doctor. He or she can probably switch you to a different medication or change your dose.

There's plenty you can do to help diabetes medication work correctly:
Follow the directions for taking medication.
Follow your treatment team's advice about when to eat meals and what to eat to help control your blood sugar.
Carry emergency snacks in case the medication causes your blood sugar to drop too low. Low blood sugar can be dangerous.
Get regular liver tests if required for your type of medication.

Herbal medication for type 2 Diabetes

OUR HERBAL Formula DIABONIL

Contain the best will known herb to stimulate the pancreas to produce efficient insulin to the blood that help reduce the high blood sugar level at a time. The herbs include Banaba leave, mulberry leaves, banana leaves, Chinese green tea, cinnamon twigs, and other organic herbs.
Use 1 teaspoon of the herbal blend, boil in one cup of water for 5 minutes, let it to brew for 10 minutes, drink one cup before meal 3 times daily.

Price: 100 gram herbal mix 6 USA Dollars or 20 RM + shipping.

Sinusitis …Acute and chronic nasal Sinusitis & Allergic Rhinitis

What Is Sinusitis?

SINOCLEAR HERBAL NASAL DROPS

Sinusitis is a swelling of the inner lining of the sinuses. The sinuses are the spaces between the bones in the face where air passes and where a fluid called mucus drains into the nose.
In sinusitis, the swelling blocks the openings in the sinuses through which mucus drains into the nose. When mucus cannot drain properly, the pressure of the blocked fluid inside the sinuses can be painful.

Sinusitis is quite common. It feels much like a head cold, with a stuffy or runny nose and a headache. For most people, sinusitis is a temporary condition that goes away with simple treatment. If the symptoms do not clear up easily, medication can help. In rare cases, surgery may bring permanent relief.

What Are The Sinuses?

The sinuses are the spaces between the bones of the face. Air passes in and out of these spaces, and mucus drains through them and out of the nose. The sinuses also reduce the weight of the skull and give our voices a nicer sound.

There are four main pairs of sinus openings, sometimes called sinus cavities, in the face:

Maxillary - in the cheekbones
Ethmoid - between the eye sockets
Frontal - in the forehead and above the eyebrows
Sphenoid - deep in the head at the back of the nose

Each of these pairs of sinus openings has a channel that leads to the nose. These channels are quite narrow and can be easily blocked when the lining of the channels becomes swollen. This lining is called the mucous membrane. This same mucous membrane forms the inner lining of the nose.

How Does The Mucous Membrane Work?

The mucous membrane in the nose and sinuses is our personal air filter. It warms, moistens, and cleans the air. The mucous membrane creates a clear, wet, slightly sticky mucus that gathers any dust, smoke, bacteria, or virus particles that may have been in the air.

Tiny hairs along the membrane called cilia act as miniature oars, moving the mucus along, much like a conveyor belt, through the sinuses and out the nose.

When the mucus containing the unwanted particles reaches the nose and throat, the body prompts us to swallow, spit, sneeze, or cough them out of the body. But when the sinus openings become blocked, cilia can no longer move the mucus through.

The mucous membrane is also one of the body's front-line defense systems. It releases chemicals that help to destroy bacteria and viruses before they can attack.

How Is Sinusitis Different From Rhinitis?

Rhinitis results in a basic runny nose, sometimes accompanied by facial pain and a headache. It is caused by a swelling of the mucous membrane of the nose only, rather than the mucous membrane of the sinuses.

Rhinitis is much more common than sinusitis and is more frequently caused by allergies than by a bacteria or virus. Many people, especially children, experience rhinitis during the winter months as a reaction to the cold air.

Nice To Know:
Most cases of sinusitis are actually a combination of rhinitis and sinusitis, meaning that the mucous membranes of both the nose and sinuses are swollen. This condition is sometimes called rhinosinusitis.

How Common Is Sinusitis?
Almost everyone experiences rhinitis at some point in their lives, and the majority of people will also experience sinusitis.
Sometimes, a simple head cold will turn into sinusitis if the body has difficulty fighting off the bacteria or virus that caused the cold. This is the case when the body aches and fatigue from a cold go away, but the runny nose and postnasal drip symptoms continue and worsen.

Facts about sinusitis

Each year, sinusitis affects millions of peoples around the world.
It is the most frequently reported chronic condition in the United States and the fifth most common reason for taking an antibiotic.
It accounts for more than 13 million doctor visits per year in the United States alone.
Medical costs for the treatment of sinusitis in the United States are estimated at $2 billion per year. This does not include the few cases that require more costly x-rays and surgery.
Modern-day pollution has increased the number of people suffering from allergies. As a result, sinusitis is also on the rise.

Who Gets Sinusitis?
Sinusitis affects all age groups. Any healthy person can develop it, but certain groups are more prone to it than others.

Allergy sufferers are particularly prone to sinusitis, especially during hay fever seasons, or in environments where the air is filled with smoke or fumes. For some people, sinusitis will develop after eating a food to which they are allergic, or after exposure to allergens such as animal fur and dander.

Adults and children who suffer from asthma are more likely to develop sinusitis.
Some people are simply born with openings in the nose that are a bit too narrow and become easily blocked. Sometimes the small openings are the result of a deviated septum. The septum is the partition between the left and right sides of the nose. If this partition is crooked, the openings in the nose will be narrow.

A broken nose or other nose injury can cause a deviated septum, leaving less space on one side of the sinuses.

Smokers, or those who frequently inhale secondary smoke, are more likely to develop sinusitis.

Children with cystic fibrosis are particularly vulnerable to sinusitis because the disease creates abnormally thick mucus. The cilia then have a difficult time moving the thick mucus out of the body.

People with Kartagener's syndrome get both sinusitis and chronic chest infections. This is an extremely rare condition in which the cilia do not function properly.

People with low resistance to infection, a condition called immunodeficiency, are prone to sinusitis. In rare cases, a child can be born with immunodeficiency, but it is more likely caused by malnutrition or medications that impair the immune system. HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS are diseases that cause immunodeficiency.

What Causes Sinusitis?

There are two different types of sinusitis, and each has different causes:

· Acute sinusitis
· Chronic sinusitis

Acute Sinusitis
Acute sinusitis means that the symptoms of the condition are temporary, usually lasting no more than 30 days. However, the symptoms of acute sinusitis are more severe and painful than the

symptoms of chronic sinusitis.
The most common causes of acute sinusitis are:
Virus. Viral infections can paralyze or even destroy the cilia so that they are unable to move mucus out of the nose.

Bacteria. If the sinus openings become blocked and the infected mucus cannot move out of the body or drain down the throat, it creates is an ideal environment for bacteria to grow. The bacteria in turn creates an acid environment in the sinuses, which further paralyzes the cilia. This causes the mucous membrane to swell more. The sinus openings become even more blocked.

Fungus. Fungus is a plant or mold, often microscopic, that can be ingested with food or inhaled in the air. Once in the body, it can affect the immune system and aggravate the sinuses.

Nose blowing. Bacterial infections can be caused by pressure from blowing the nose too much.
Scuba diving. Scuba diving while suffering from a cold can create too much pressure in the sinuses and leave room for bacteria to grow.

Foreign objects. Young children sometimes try to put objects in their nostrils, and this can introduce bacteria into the sinuses.
Medications. The side effect of certain medications may affect the functioning of the mucous membrane.

Diseased teeth. On rare occasions, the maxillary sinus in the cheekbone becomes infected by the root of a diseased upper tooth.

Need To Know:
Acute sinusitis is typically the result of a cold that lingers on too long and becomes an infection. It is important to treat acute sinusitis early to prevent the infection from spreading.

Chronic Sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis means that the symptoms of sinusitis occur frequently or for long periods of time. The symptoms are usually more annoying than painful. However, those with chronic sinusitis are more likely to have recurring attacks of acute sinusitis, which can be quite painful.
Chronic sinusitis is often a combination of swelling caused by allergies or fungus, or by bacteria or a virus.

Anything that interferes with the normal functioning of the mucous membrane can bring on symptoms. When mucus cannot drain properly, bacteria has a perfect environment in which to grow.

Chronic sinusitis is most often caused by:

Allergies. Allergies can be caused by almost anything. However, the most common allergens are airborne particles, foods, animals, feathers, and fabrics. If the culprit is a food, fabric, or animal, simply avoiding the allergen will stop symptoms. If the allergen is a chemical or substance in the air, such as dust or ragweed, treatment such as regular allergy shots for a period of time can provide relief.

Asthma. Adults and children suffering from asthma are more prone to sinusitis.

Temperature and humidity. When temperature and humidity are extreme, or when these air conditions change quickly, the sinuses can become irritated.

Narrow sinuses. Some people simply have narrow sinus openings or a deviated septum, so that when there is swelling, it is even more difficult for air to pass through.

Defective mucous membrane. Some people have poorly functioning mucous membranes, sometimes permanently damaged by a past infection.

Dehydration. Not drinking enough liquids will cause dehydration. Without enough fluid in the body, the mucus will thicken, making it difficult for the cilia to move it through the sinuses.

Poor air quality. Pollution, fumes, dust, smoke or crowded living conditions - anything that reduces the quality of the air - can affect the function of the sinuses and mucous membrane.
Weak immune system. When the immune system is not strong, the mucous membrane and cilia cannot do their job to resist infection. Immune deficiency can be caused by poor diet, medication side effects, or diseases such as HIV and AIDS.

Hormones. In a few cases, hormonal imbalances can lead to sinusitis.
Stress. Research shows that the mucous membrane and sinuses can react to stress. One such condition is known as vasomotor rhinitis, in which stress, rather than an infection or allergy, causes excessive swelling and mucus production.

Polyps. In rare cases, polyps are the cause of sinusitis. Polyps are benign (noncancerous) water-filled swellings about the size of grapes that develop in the sinuses. They most frequently occur in people who have asthma. Polyps generally need to be surgically removed.

Tumors. One of the most rare causes of sinusitis are tumors, which need to be surgically removed from the sinuses.

Polyps inside the nose

What Are The Symptoms Of Sinusitis?
Symptoms of sinusitis vary from person to person. While one person may have all of the symptoms, someone else may have only one or two of them.
Acute sinusitis is usually painful, while chronic sinusitis is generally more uncomfortable than painful.

The most common symptoms are:
Stuffy or runny nose
Clear, thin discharge from the nose (as in chronic sinusitis), or thick yellow or green discharge from the nose, sometimes tinged with blood (as in acute sinusitis)
Sneezing and/or coughing
Pain over the bridge of the nose
Headache that is worse in the morning, when bending forward, or when riding an elevator
Postnasal drip from the nose into the throat
Frequent throat clearing
Itchy eyes and nose
Reduced sense of smell and/or taste
Bad breath
Fever and chills
Pain in the roof of the mouth or teeth
Face and eye pain

If there is facial or eye pain, the condition is acute, and it is easy to tell which sinus openings are blocked. If blowing the nose does not bring forth enough mucus, a gentle massaging of the areas of facial pain can sometimes help reduce blockage.

Less common symptoms, which may or may not be accompanied by a stuffy nose, are:
Earache, feeling of fullness in the ear, swelling and tenderness behind the ear, and/or ear popping due to mucus in the eustachian tube of the ear
Sore throat and hoarse voice caused by infected postnasal drip
Swelling of the eye area due to a spread of infection from the sinuses to the eye
Severe headache with vomiting, a very rare symptom, which indicates the possibility of meningitis, caused by a spread of the infection into the brain.

Need To Know:
The symptoms of sinusitis are very similar to those of the common cold. Especially with children, the symptoms may mimic a cold, and only a doctor's examination can determine the true cause. If the symptoms do not subside within 10 days, or if there is any fever, a doctor should be consulted.

Are Sinusitis And Chest Congestion Related?

Just as with a head cold that moves into the chest, sinusitis and chest congestion often occur together. This is because the respiratory system of the chest and sinuses are connected to one another. Chest congestion and sinusitis also have similar causes.

Just as infections of the sinuses can become severe if not treated early, an infection of the chest can lead to pneumonia without early medical attention.

Therefore, people with conditions causing chest congestion, such as asthma or bronchitis, are especially prone to rhinitis and sinusitis. Often, treating sinusitis also improves the symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, and chest infections.

All are good for chest congestion

How Is Sinusitis Diagnosed?
A doctor will usually diagnose sinusitis based on the symptoms you report and the ones that he or she observes upon examination. Unfortunately, x-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) do not give an accurate picture of the sinuses. However, some doctors find an x-ray of the head called a CT scan to be useful.

The first thing the doctor will do is ask about your symptoms, such as headaches, facial or mouth pain, mucus drainage that is yellow or green, swelling around the eyes, and fever.
Sometimes, the doctor will simply massage or tap the areas of the face to determine which sinus openings are tender to the touch.
Some doctors use tests to determine breathing capacity and smelling ability to make an accurate diagnosis.

If the symptoms of sinusitis do not subside with treatment by a family doctor, a more thorough examination by a specialist in nasal disorders, called an otolaryngologist, may be necessary.
A specialist may choose to use an endoscope, which is a thin, lighted instrument inserted into the nostrils so that any blockages in the sinuses can be seen.

How Is Sinusitis Treated?

Treatment options for sinusitis include:

Antibiotics typically clear up an infection within two weeks. However, in the case of chronic sinusitis, antibiotics may need to be taken for up to 28 days.
Antihistamines sometimes used to block allergic reactions and dry excess mucus. However, antihistamines should be used with cautionas they can cause severe drying of the mucous membrane.

Decongestant nasal sprays are used short-term to reduce mucous membrane swelling. However, long-term use of these sprays can cause other problems. Steroid nasal sprays also reduce swelling and are especially useful for the treatment of sinusitis caused by a fungus.
Saline nasal sprays or rinses, which consist of a salt solution, can be made at home or bought without a prescription. Saline cleans the nose and adds moisture that thins mucus.

Cromolyn sodium, under the brand name of Nasalcrom, is a nasal spray that can be used for the short-term relief of symptoms. Different from antihistamines, decongestants, and steroids, it is best used only when symptoms are at their worst, as it can cause side effects.
Allergy shots on a regular basis for a period of time can be helpful when sinusitis is caused by certain allergens.

Surgery can bring permanent relief when sinusitis symptoms do not respond to medications over time or are the result of a nasal obstruction such as polyps.

The Problem With Antihistamines

Antihistamines should not be taken for more than a few days, as the main side effect is severe dryness of the mucous membrane. This dryness prevents the drainage necessary for healing.
There are some new antihistamines called histamine type 1 blockers, which claim to cause less drying of the mucous membrane.

The Problem With Nasal Sprays

Decongestant nasal sprays should not be used for more than three days without instructions from a doctor. Long-term use of these sprays can cause a "rebound" condition that makes nasal congestion worse, as the swollen membrane becomes dependent upon the spray. Therefore, decongestant nasal sprays are actually addictive.

After three days of use, wait at least a week before using a decongestant again. People who consistently use these sprays risk high blood pressure, as well as damage to the mucous membrane and the heart.

Low-dose steroid nasal sprays, on the other hand, have been found to be safe for a period of time, depending on the type of steroid prescribed.

Self Treatment

As long as the symptoms go away within a few days, a doctor's care for sinusitis is not necessary. However, if there are high fever or chills, difficulty with vision, thick yellow or green mucus discharge, or a temporary loss of consciousness, a doctor should be consulted immediately.

Those who suffer from chronic sinusitis or frequent attacks of acute sinusitis often treat themselves with nonprescription medications and nasal sprays during a short duration of symptoms. However, chronic sinusitis that occurs frequently can cause permanent damage to the sinuses and should be diagnosed and treated by a doctor.

Treating Yourself
You can care for yourself at the onset of a cold, allergy attack, or sinusitis symptoms by doing the following:

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Drink more water.
Keep the nostrils moist with saline nasal sprays, a humidifier, or by breathing steam from a basin of hot water. A saline rinse can be made at home by mixing one cup of warm water with 1/4 teaspoon of non-iodized salt and 1/4 teaspoon of baking soda. A bulb syringe like those used to clear the nose and throat of babies can be used to rinse the sinuses with the saline solution.

Discontinue eating dairy products, such as milk and cheese, until symptoms subside, since dairy products contribute to mucus production in the body.
Avoid substances that dehydrate the body, such as spicy foods, alcoholic beverages, tea, and coffee.
Avoid excessive forceful nose-blowing.
Avoid swimming or diving, which can put undue pressure on the sinuses.
Avoid air travel, or use a decongestant nasal spray if a flight is unavoidable.
Consult a doctor immediately if a fever or thick yellow or green mucus is present.

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Prevention
To prevent attacks of sinusitis:

Adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes exercise and a balanced diet.
Keep air filtration systems in your home or workplace clean.
Use nose plugs when swimming or diving in a pool, to keep chlorine from irritating the sinuses.
Drink plenty of fluids to maintain adequate moisture in the body.
Use a humidifier if air is dry, especially during winter months when artificial heat intensifies the dryness of the air.
Avoid allergens whenever possible.
Use coffee, tea, alcohol, and dairy products in moderation.
Do not smoke, and avoid secondhand smoke.
Avoid stress as much as possible.
Take vitamin supplements to maintain a healthy immune system.
There is some evidence that garlic tablets (available at a pharmacy or health food store) can help strengthen the immune system.

Do not smoke, and avoid secondhand smoke

Is Surgery Ever Required?
Surgery can bring relief when all other courses of treatment have failed to improve breathing. It is especially effective when polyps are present or when a deviated septum prevents adequate passage of air through the nose.

A doctor will not recommend surgery unless symptoms have been chronic or frequent over a period of time, and either have not responded to medication or are especially severe.

Sinus surgery can correct:
Swelling and blockages caused by chronic sinusitis
Swelling and blockages caused by repeated attacks of acute sinusitis
Deviated septum
Polyps
Tumors

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
While there are several different types of sinus surgery that may be recommended, endoscopic sinus surgery is rapidly becoming the surgery of choice for more and more doctors.
Endoscopic sinus surgery utilizes a thin, lighted instrument called an endoscope.

Much like a telescope with a wide-angle camera lens, the endoscope is inserted in the nostrils, and the doctor looks inside the sinuses through an eyepiece.
The endoscope beams a light into different parts of the nose and sinuses, allowing the doctor to see what is causing blockages.
Surgical instruments can then be used next to the endoscope to remove the blockages and improve breathing.

Unlike most traditional surgeries, endoscopic sinus surgery does not involve cutting through the skin, as it is performed entirely through the nostrils. Therefore, most people can go home the same day. Additionally, it leaves no visible scars and causes less pain and discomfort.
Depending upon the extent of the surgery, a local anesthetic or general anesthetic may be used.

Sinus Washouts

A sinus washout is a minor operation in which one of the maxillary sinuses, the pair closest to the cheekbones, is punctured with a small needle passed through the nose. The excess mucus is then washed out of the sinus. When the sinuses are clear, and any infection or pus has been washed out, the swelling will go down. The mucous membrane and cilia are then able to return to normal functioning.

Sinus washouts are rarely painful and are usually performed under a local anesthetic, which means the person is awake but cannot feel any pain in the area of the operation. However, the procedure can be uncomfortable, as the needle can create a crunching feeling, and the washing of the mucus can feel quite strange.
A general anesthetic, which puts the person completely to sleep, is preferred with children. Some adults may also feel more comfortable under general anesthesia.

Can Sinusitis Become Serious?

While it is quite uncommon, sinusitis can become serious, especially in children. If left untreated, an infection that has spread to the eye can cause blindness. Spread of the infection into the brain can result in serious diseases such as meningitis.
Fortunately, with the modern antibiotic treatments available, such spread of infection is very rare.

Putting It All Together

Here is a summary of the important facts and information related to sinusitis:

Sinusitis is a common condition, usually easily treated, in which swelling blocks the opening of the sinuses through which mucus drains into the nose.
When mucus drainage is blocked, the result can be a feeling of pressure and pain, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever and postnasal drip.
Sinusitis affects all age groups, but smokers and people with allergies or asthma are most likely to develop it.
Often starting as a cold, acute sinusitis typically lasts no more than 30 days and can be quite painful. Chronic sinusitis, on the other hand, can last much longer, but is usually more annoying than painful.
Sinusitis symptoms often mimic cold symptoms. If there is a fever, yellow or green nasal discharge, or if cold symptoms do not subside within 10 days, an infection is most likely present, and a doctor should be consulted immediately.
A doctor will diagnose sinusitis by taking a detailed medical history, discussing symptoms, and tapping or massaging sinus areas of the face. The doctor also may order breathing capacity tests or use an endoscope to see inside the sinuses.
Treatments for sinusitis include antibiotics, antihistamines, decongestant nasal sprays, steroid nasal sprays, saline nasal sprays or douches, cromolyn sodium nasal spray, allergy shots, and surgery.

The best of all medication to treat the sinuses and eliminate all the causes of allergy or infection is by using our unique formula SINOCLEAR drops. In the first 2 days only, you will feel much better 50 % than before using the SINOCLEAR formula. The formula made from 100% natural herbs, no preservatives or chemical inside, soft and gentile on lining membranes of the nasal cavities.
SINOCLEAR Formula is safe to use by all ages. No complication, no side effect, no rebound phenomenon and safe to use for long time of period without any distress on your air passages.

A doctor will not recommend surgery unless symptoms have been chronic or frequent over a period of time without responding to medication, or are especially severe.
Decongestant nasal sprays and antihistamines should be taken for no more than a few days.
Steps should be taken to prevent recurrences of sinusitis so that it does not become chronic, which can cause damage to nasal tissue.

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Hepatitis A (infectious liver inflammation type A)

Hepatitis A (infectious liver inflammation type A)

What is type A hepatitis ?

Hepatitis is the Latin word for liver inflammation. Type A hepatitis is caused by a virus called hepatitis A virus. Other types of infectious liver inflammation include hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

What causes type A hepatitis ?

Hepatitis A virus is present in stools passed by infected persons. It can be transmitted via contaminated food, eg shellfish and ice-cream, as well as contaminated water and beverages.The virus can also be spread through contact with an infected person's stools through poor hygiene.The infectiousness of the disease is greatest just before the patient develops jaundice. After that it quickly becomes less infectious.Type A hepatitis is very common in countries with poor sanitary conditions. Most people get infected during trips to less-developed countries or by direct contact with others infected with hepatitis A virus.

What are the symptoms of type A hepatitis ?

Hepatitis A has an incubation period of 10 to 40 days. This is the time from the exposure to the hepatitis A virus until the onset of the disease.
The first symptoms include loss of appetite, distaste for cigarettes, nausea, aching muscles and joints and a mild fever.
Later symptoms include yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, and white portions of the eyes (jaundice, icterus); light-coloured stools; and dark urine.
When the latter symptoms develop, the infected person usually begins to get better.
The duration of the disease is typically two to three weeks, but it can last up to one to two months.
Small children are, in most cases, only mildly affected by the disease, and usually do not develop jaundice.

How can type A hepatitis be prevented?

Good hygiene reduces the risk of infection:
wash or peel fruits and vegetables during trips to countries with poor sanitary conditions.
remember that insanitary conditions allow shellfish to be contaminated by human sewage.
If a household member is infected with the type A virus, the following is recommended:
always wash your hands with soap and water after using the toilet.
good hygiene in connection with food preparation is essential.
have a separate towel for each family member.
wear disposable gloves when helping the sick family member with personal hygiene.
clothes which have been contaminated by stools should be washed immediately, or kept in a tightly closed bag until they can be washed.
household members who are not ill should be given gammaglobulin (see below).

Is there a vaccine for type A hepatitis?

A vaccine for type A hepatitis is available. People receive two injections, 6 to 12 months apart. The protection provided by the vaccine exceeds 95 per cent and it lasts for at least 10 years. The vaccine is recommended in connection with trips to countries where the general standard of hygiene is very poor, eg Asian, South American, and African countries.What can be done at home?
Rest while blood tests show that the disease is active.
Abstain from all alcohol intake while ill.
Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.

How is type A hepatitis diagnosed?

The diagnosis is made on the basis of an antibody test, which will demonstrate the presence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus in the patient's blood.Blood tests for liver function will reveal the severity of the disease, ie to what extent the liver is affected by the virus.Future prospects
Very few patients (approximately 1 in 1000) develop liver failure and consequently risk dying of the disease.
Most patients have fully recovered after four to eight weeks.
Type A hepatitis never becomes a long-term, debilitating (chronic) condition.
Once a person has recovered, they will be immune to infection by the hepatitis A virus for the rest of their life.

How is type A hepatitis treated?

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Herbal formula design to cool the Liver in the form of (Tea)

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